![]() This materialism upended the spirituality that birthed it, leading to 18th century Deism and atheism existing alongside a self-justifying duty to work as much as possible. Though done with the aim of salvation, these sects’ austerity and the cult of hardwork ended up enriching them, which in turn made them more idle and enamored with the world of material things. ![]() ![]() In this sociology classic, Weber calls out Protestantism for making work an end in itself, dubbing it “the spirit of capitalism.” By bringing asceticism from the monasteries and sanctifying work as a way of glorifying God and his rational order to the world, Protestant sects usurped Middle Ages values against extreme profiteering and working beyond necessity. ![]()
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